Call 0121 554 4175 -

Cash Basis for the self-employed

We consider the optional rules which allow small unincorporated businesses to calculate their profits for tax purposes on a cash basis rather than the normal accruals basis.

However, it is important to note that, although cash basis is the default position for all self-employed businesses, they can make a one-off election to use the accruals basis.

Certain businesses, including Limited Liability Partnerships, those involving a corporate partner, Lloyd's underwriters and those eligible individuals who wish to continue to claim averaging of profits e.g. farmers cannot use the cash basis.

Accruals basis and cash basis

One example which illustrates the difference between the accruals basis and cash basis is that credit sales are included in the accruals basis accounts income despite the fact that the customer may not have paid for the goods or services by the end of the accounting period. Under the cash basis the business is taxed on its cash receipts less allowable cash payments made during the accounting period. Under the cash basis, credit sales are accounted for and taxed in the year in which they are paid for by the customer.

Key tax points

Cash receipts

Cash receipts literally mean all cash receipts that the business receives during the accounting period. As well as trading income this will also include the proceeds from the sale of any plant and machinery. If a customer does not pay what is owed by the accounting year end then it will not be taxable until the next year when it is actually received by the business.

What deductions are allowable?

In terms of what deductions can be claimed the main rules are that the expenses must have been actually paid in the accounting period as well as being incurred wholly and exclusively for the purposes of the trade.

As is the case with calculating taxable profits generally for a business no deductions are allowed for items which are of a capital nature such as the purchase of property. However, under the cash basis the costs of most plant and machinery can be included as a deduction. One key exception is the purchase of cars but capital allowances would remain available.

Relief for interest payments

Generally, interest costs will be deductible but no relief is available for a tax year for interest paid by a person on a relevant loan if the partnership to which the loan relates uses the cash basis for its property business.

A 'relevant loan' is a loan to buy plant or machinery for partnership use or to invest in a partnership unless it is used for purchasing a share in a partnership.

The use of losses

If the business incurs a loss then under the cash basis this can be used in the same manner as businesses using the accruals basis.

Joining and leaving cash basis

In order to ensure that income is taxed and expenses are relieved 'once and once only' special calculations are needed on entering or leaving the cash basis. There are also special capital allowances rules for such situations.

How we can help

In summary, as you can see there is more to the cash basis than might be expected and we would be happy to review your circumstances to see if this would be suitable for you and your business. If your business is in the Birmingham area we can help by looking at whether this is an appropriate option for your business. Please contact us at BAY Accountants Ltd if you would like any further information.

Got a question?

Why not fill out our quick contact form below and a member of the team will respond shortly.

Receive our FREE monthly eNEWS, keeping you up to date with the latest news.

Registration on our website is quick and simple. On registration you will benefit from:

  • Our FREE monthly eNEWS email newsletter which will keep you up to date with the latest news (this service is optional)
  • On registration we'll email FREE resources to you with our compliments.

You only have to register once. You will be given a username and password that you can use at any time to log back into our website.

Register here

The latest topical new story.

State Pension

Boost your State Pension.

Learn more